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:: Volume 30, Issue 3 (Fall 2020) ::
MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020, 30(3): 320-331 Back to browse issues page
The effectiveness of self-differentiation training on intimacy, compatibility and assertiveness of married women
Mehrdad Sassni1 , Ghorban Fathi Aghdam 2, Jafar Pouyamanesh3 , Mojtaba Amiri Majd4
1- PhD Candidate, Department of Counseling, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran
2- Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Abhar Branch , Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran , fathi4466@yahoo.com
3- Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Abhar Branch , Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran
4- Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Abhar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Abhar, Iran
Abstract:   (3223 Views)
Background: The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of self-differentiation training on intimacy, compatibility and assertiveness of married women.
Materials and methods: The research method was semi-experimental using a pre-test, post-test and follow up with the control group. The research population was all married women whose terms of marriage were under 5 years and their age were between 20 and 40 years in Tabriz City. A sample of 30 married women was selected via available method and they randomly were assigned for two groups, including intervention and control. For pre-test, both groups took the dyadic compatibility scale (DAS), Bagarozzi marital intimacy need Questionnaire (MINQ), and Gambrill & Richey assertiveness scale. Then the experimental group was trained with self-differentiation for 18 hours over 12 weeks. Then, for post-test the two groups took the same questionnaires again. The data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance.
Results: There was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in intimacy, compatibility and assertiveness (p<0.005). In other words, the difference between the scores of the two groups represents that self-differentiation is effective on the intimacy, compatibility and assertiveness of married women.
Conclusion: It is concluded that self-differentiation training is highly effective in reducing married women problems. This demonstrates the importance of using this approach in therapeutic planning and clinical interventions regarding couple issues.
Keywords: Self-differentiation, Intimacy, Compatibility, Assertiveness, Married women.
Full-Text [PDF 363 kb]   (2079 Downloads)    
Semi-pilot: Survey/Cross Sectional/Descriptive | Subject: psychology
Received: 2019/10/14 | Accepted: 2019/12/10 | Published: 2020/09/20
References
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32. Bagarozzi D. Enhancing intimacy in marriage Branner-Rouledye. Tylor & Forancis group: USA; 2001 :1 -25.
33. Etemadi O, Navabinejade SH, Ahmadi SA, Farzad V. The investigation of the effects of couple therapy in the form of image therapy on increase of couples' intimacy. Journal of Counseling Research. 2005;5(19):9-21. [In Persian]
34. Jowkar B. The mediating role of resilience in the relationship between general and emotional intelligence and life satisfaction. Contemporary psychology, BJIPA. 2008:2(2):3-12. [In Persian]
35. Yarmohammadian A, Bonakdar Hashemi N, Asgari K. The effect of emotional intelligence and life skills training on marital adjustment among young couples. Knowledge Res Appl Psychol. 2011;12:3-12 . [In Persian]
36. Molazadeh J, Mahmood M, Ezheyi J, Kiamanesh A. Confronting styles and marital adjustment in Shahed children Journal of Psychology 2002;6:255-75. [In Persian]
37. Gambrill ED, Richey CA. An assertion inventory for use in assessment and research. Behavior Therapy 1975;6:550-61. [DOI:10.1016/S0005-7894(75)80013-X]
38. Haghighi J, Mousavi M, Mehrabizade HM, Beshildeh K. Examination of any life skills training on mental health and literacy of first year high school girl students. Jornal of Psychology and Educational Sciences 2006;13(1):61-78. [In Persian]
39. Hargi O, Ed. Social skills in interpersonal communication. 3rd edition. London: Roulledge; 2005.
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42. Khorami Nejad N, Tabrizi M, Ahghar G. Effect of self differentiation training on women's marital conflict reduction. Life Science Journal 2013; 10: 15-19. [In Persian]
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44. Skowron EA. The role of differentiation of self in marital adjustment. J Counsel Psychol 2000;47: 229. [DOI:10.1037/0022-0167.47.2.229]
45. Najaf Loyi F. The role of self-differentiation in marital relationships. Modern Educational Ideas 2006; 2: 37-27. [In Persian]
46. Kanjani Veshki S, Shafiabady A, Farzad V, Fathizade M. A comparison between the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral couple therapy and acceptance and commitment couple therapy on conflicting couples marital intimacy is Isfahan. Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology 2016; 4: 31-40. [Persian] [DOI:10.5812/jjhs.43085]
47. Constant E, Vallet F, Nandarino JL, Christopher V. Personal assessment of intimacy in relationship: Validity and measurement invariance across gender. Europ Rev Appl Psychol 2016;66: 109-116. [DOI:10.1016/j.erap.2016.04.008]
48. Lankveld JV, Jacobs N, Thewissen V, Dewitte M, Verboon P. The associations of intimacy and sexuality in daily life: temporal dynamic and gender effects within romantic relationships. J Personal Relat 2018;35: 557-576. [DOI:10.1177/0265407517743076]
49. Zarra Nezhad M, Moazami Godarzi A. Sextuality, Intimacy and Marital Satisfaction in Iranian First-Time Parent. J Sex Marital Ther 2011; 37: 77-88. [Persian] [DOI:10.1080/0092623X.2011.547336]
50. Yoo H, Bartle-Haring S, Day R, Gangamma R. Couple communication emotional and sexual intimacy, and relationship satisfaction. J Sex Marital Ther 2014;40:275-293. [DOI:10.1080/0092623X.2012.751072]
51. Fallahzadeh H, Sanaei B, Farzad WA. Investigating the Effectiveness of Emotional-Couple Therapy and Combined System Therapy Couples on Reducing Intimate Couple Anxiety. Quarterly Journal of Family Studies. 2012;8: 484-466. [Persian]
52. Montesi JL, Conner BT, Gordon EA. Fauber RL, Kim K H, Heimberg E. On the Relationship among Social Anxiety, Intimacy, Sexual Communication, and Sexual Satisfaction in Young Couples. Arch Sex Behav 2013; 42; 81-91. [DOI:10.1007/s10508-012-9929-3]
53. Crawford M, Unger R. Eds. Women and gender: a feminist psychology. 4th edition. New York, NY, USA: McGraw-Hill; 2004.
54. Blum TW, Ed. Becoming a family counselor: a bridge to family therapy theory and practice. Hoboken, NJ. USA: Wlley; 2006.
55. Pal R. Marital adjustment among working and non-working married women. Int J Home Sci. 2017;3: 384-386.
56. Yeganeh T, Shaikhmahmoodi H. Role of religious orientation in predicting marital adjustment and psychological well-being. Sociology Mind 2013;3: 131-136. [In Persian] [DOI:10.4236/sm.2013.32020]
57. Gaal F. The role of differentiation of self-anxiety in pre-dicting marital adjustment following the death of an adult, married-child biological parent [Unpublished doctoral Dissertation]., Los An-gels, CA: Seton Hall University; 2005.
58. Bar-On R, Parker JDA, eds.. Handbook of emotional intelligence. San Francisco: Jossey-Boss; 2006.
59. Bernstein PH, Bernstein MT, eds. Marital therapy (recognition and treatment of marital disputes). Sohrabi HR, Translator. Tehran: Rasa; 2003. [In Persian]
60. Jalali M. Poorahmadi E. Effect of assertiveness training on mental and self-esteem in adolescents. Andisheh va Raftar 2010; 5: 27-36. [In Persian]
61. RanJbarkohn Z, Sajadinejad MS. Effect of assertiveness training on self-esteem and depression in students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Journal of Birjand University of Medical Sciences 2010; 17:1-8. [In Persian]
62. Meteyard JD, Andersen KL, Marx E. Exploring the Relationship between Differentiation of self and Religious Questing in students from Two Faith based Colleges. Pastoral Psychol 2012;61:333-42. [DOI:10.1007/s11089-011-0401-4]
63. Lam C, Chan-So CY. Validation of the Chinese version of Differentiation of Self inventory. J Marital Fam Ther 2015;41:81-101. [DOI:10.1111/jmft.12031]
64. Karami J, Zakiei A, Alikhani M, Nourouzi A. Explanation of self-differentiation in accordance with attachment styles and alexithymia. J Behave Sci. 2014; 8: 139-47. [In Persian]
65. Bayrami M, Fahimi S, Akbari E, AmiriPichakolaei A. Predicting marital satisfaction on the basis of attachment styles and differentiation components. J Fundament Health. 2012; 14: 64-77. [In Persian]
66. Peleg O, Zoabi M. Social anxiety and differentiation of self: a comparison of Jewish and Arab college students. Pers Individ Dif 2014; 68: 221-8. [DOI:10.1016/j.paid.2014.04.032]
67. Tuason MT, Friedlander M. Do parent's differentiation levels predict those of their adult children? And other test of bowen theory in Philippine sample. J Couns Psychol 2000; 47: 27-35. [DOI:10.1037/0022-0167.47.1.27]
68. Skowron E, Smith A. Parent differentiation of self and child competence in low-income urban families. J Couns Psychol 2005;52: 337-346. [DOI:10.1037/0022-0167.52.3.337]
69. Ross AS, Murdock NL. Differentiation of self and well-being: the (in) security in children: the role of parental romantic attachment status and rearing behaviors. J Child Fam Stud 2014; 17: 555-566. [DOI:10.1007/s10826-007-9174-x]
70. Isik E, Bulduk S. Psychometric properties of the differentiation of self-inventory revised in Turkish adult. J Marital Fam Ther 2015;41: 102-112. [DOI:10.1111/jmft.12022]
71. Skowron EA, Friedlander ML. The differentiation of self-inventory: development and initial validation. J Counsel Psychol 1998; 45: 235-49. [DOI:10.1037/0022-0167.45.3.235]
72. Pasha-Sharifi H, Manavipour D, Askari F. Psychometric properties of the differentiation of self-inventory. J Ind/Organ Psychol 2014; 5: 9-22. [In Persian]
73. Pir Salghi F, Nazari A, HajiHasani M, NadehAlipour H. Effectiveness of self-differentiation therapy on the degree of assertiveness of female students, Allameh Tabatabai University. Tehran, Quarterly Journal of Clinical Psychology 2014;4: 16-34. [In Persian]
74. Hoseinian S, NaJaflooyi F. The relationship between differentiation of self with psychological and physical symptoms in women referring to counseling centers. J women Fam Stud 2011; 3: 29-44. [In Persian]
75. Faul F, Erdfelder E, Lang A-G, Buchner A. G* Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behav Res Methods 2007;39:175-91. [DOI:10.3758/BF03193146]
76. Geier DA, Kern JK, Davis G, King PG, Adams JB, Young JL, et al. A prospective double-blind, randomized clinical trial of levocarnitine to treat autism spectrum disorders. Med Sci Mon Int Med J Exp Clin Res 2011;17:PI15. [DOI:10.12659/MSM.881792]
77. Bagarozzi D. Enhancing intimacy in marriage Branner-Rouledye. Tylor & Forancis group: USA; 2001 :1 -25.
78. Etemadi O, Navabinejade SH, Ahmadi SA, Farzad V. The investigation of the effects of couple therapy in the form of image therapy on increase of couples' intimacy. Journal of Counseling Research. 2005;5(19):9-21. [In Persian]
79. Jowkar B. The mediating role of resilience in the relationship between general and emotional intelligence and life satisfaction. Contemporary psychology, BJIPA. 2008:2(2):3-12. [In Persian]
80. Yarmohammadian A, Bonakdar Hashemi N, Asgari K. The effect of emotional intelligence and life skills training on marital adjustment among young couples. Knowledge Res Appl Psychol. 2011;12:3-12 . [In Persian]
81. Molazadeh J, Mahmood M, Ezheyi J, Kiamanesh A. Confronting styles and marital adjustment in Shahed children Journal of Psychology 2002;6:255-75. [In Persian]
82. Gambrill ED, Richey CA. An assertion inventory for use in assessment and research. Behavior Therapy 1975;6:550-61. [DOI:10.1016/S0005-7894(75)80013-X]
83. Haghighi J, Mousavi M, Mehrabizade HM, Beshildeh K. Examination of any life skills training on mental health and literacy of first year high school girl students. Jornal of Psychology and Educational Sciences 2006;13(1):61-78. [In Persian]
84. Hargi O, Ed. Social skills in interpersonal communication. 3rd edition. London: Roulledge; 2005.
85. Popko O. Bowen theory: a study of differentiation of self, social anxiety, and physiological symptoms. Contemp Fam Ther 2002;24, 355-369. [DOI:10.1023/A:1015355509866]
86. Nawabynezhad Sh, BabaKhani V, Karimi N. The efficacy of self-differentiation on couples' intimacy and compatibility. The first congress of family psychology is a step in designing a family-friendly model, Ahwaz, Iran; 2015. [In Persian]
87. Khorami Nejad N, Tabrizi M, Ahghar G. Effect of self differentiation training on women's marital conflict reduction. Life Science Journal 2013; 10: 15-19. [In Persian]
88. Karimnejad Sh. Effectiveness of self-differentiation training on marital adjustment and psychological well-being of women with addicted spouse [Master's thesis in Rehabilitation Consultation] Tehran: Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabatabaei University; 2015. [In Persian]
89. Skowron EA. The role of differentiation of self in marital adjustment. J Counsel Psychol 2000;47: 229. [DOI:10.1037/0022-0167.47.2.229]
90. Najaf Loyi F. The role of self-differentiation in marital relationships. Modern Educational Ideas 2006; 2: 37-27. [In Persian]
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Sassni M, Fathi Aghdam G, Pouyamanesh J, Amiri Majd M. The effectiveness of self-differentiation training on intimacy, compatibility and assertiveness of married women. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 30 (3) :320-331
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Volume 30, Issue 3 (Fall 2020) Back to browse issues page
فصلنامه علوم پزشکی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد پزشکی تهران Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch
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