fa اثر p-cymene در بهبود رفتار کاتالپسی، بازیابی حافظه و آسیب سلولی هیپوکامپ در مدل حیوانی بیماری پارکینسون فيزيولوژي Physiology تجربي Experimental <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-weight:bold"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">سابقه و هدف</span></span><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="font-family:Nazanin"><span style="font-weight:normal">:</span></span></span></i> <i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal">بیماری پارکینسون </span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">(PD)</span></span></i><i> </i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal">نوعی بیماری </span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal">تحلیل برنده</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal"> عصبی است که با آسیب پیشرونده نورون‌های دوپامینرژیک در جسم سیاه و کاهش دوپامین در اجسام مخطط مشخص می‌شود. مطالعات متعدد نشان داده‌اند که استرس اکسیداتیو نقش مهمی در پاتوفیزیولوژی</span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">PD </span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal">&nbsp;ایفا می‌کند و عوامل آنتی اکسیدانی می‌توانند برای کاهش سرعت تخریب عصبی مفید باشند. این مطالعه </span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal">با هدف</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal"> ارزیابی اثر آنتی اکسیدانی و محافظت کننده عصبی </span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">p-cymene</span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal"> در مدل موش صحرایی </span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">&nbsp;PD</span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal">القاء شده با رزرپین </span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">(RES)</span></span></i><i> </i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal">انجام شد</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal">. </span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"></span></span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-weight:bold"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt">روش بررسی</span></span></span><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">:</span></span></span></span></i> <i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">40 سر موش صحرایی نر نژاد ویستار در&nbsp; 5 گروه کنترل، دریافت کننده حلال </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">&nbsp;p-Cymene</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">+ دریافت کننده حلال رزرپین (</span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">VP+VR</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">)، دریافت کننده رزرپین (1میلی‌گرم/5 روز/درون صفاقی) + حلال </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">p-Cymene</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> (</span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">RES+VP</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">)، دریافت کننده </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">p-Cymene</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> (50 میلی‌گرم/14 روز/دهانی) + حلال رزرپین (</span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">p-Cymene+VR</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">) و دریافت کننده رزرپین+ </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">p-Cymene</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> (</span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">RES+p-Cymene</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">) تقسیم شدند.</span></span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> پس از تیمار، حیوانات تحت ارزیابی رفتاری (آزمون کاتالپسی</span></span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> و آزمون شاتل باکس)</span></span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> قرار گرفتند. در</span></span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> پایان</span></span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">، سنجش سطح هیپوکامپی </span></span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">کاتالاز (</span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">CAT</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">)، سوپراکسید دیسموتاز (</span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">SOD</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">) به روش الایزا و مالون‌دی‌آلدهید (</span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">MDA</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">) به روش تیوباربیتوریک اسید و</span></span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> تراکم نورون‌های آپوپتیک در نواحی مختلف هیپوکامپ </span></span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">انجام</span></span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> شد</span></span></span></span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">.</span></span></span></span><i>&nbsp; </i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"></span></span></span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-weight:bold"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">یافته</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:14.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">&shy;</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">ها:</span></span></span> <i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt">:</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> نتایج نشان‌دهنده کاهش معنی&shy;دار رفتار کاتالپسی، بهبود حافظه اجتنابی</span></span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">،</span></span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> افزایش معنادار </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">CAT</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> و </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">SOD</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> و کاهش </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">MDA</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> در گروه </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">RES+p-Cymene</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> نسبت به گروه </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">p-Cymene+VR</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> بود. از طرفی، </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">p-cymene</span></span></span></i><i> </i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">&nbsp;از افزایش تراکم نورون‌های آپوپتیک ناشی از </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">RES</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> در </span></span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">نواحی </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">CA1</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> و </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">CA3</span></span></span></i><i> </i><i><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">هیپوکامپ جلوگیری کرد</span></span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.2pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">.</span></span></span></span></i></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:normal"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="font-weight:bold"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجه</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal">&shy;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">گیری</span></span><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal">:</span></span></span></i> <i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">به طور کلی، نتایج نشان داد که </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">&nbsp;p-cymene</span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">اثر محافظتی در مدل</span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">PD </span></span></span></i><i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">&nbsp;دارد و از اختلالات حرکتی-شناختی و آسیب نورونی ناشی از </span></span></span></span></i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal">RES</span></span></span></i><i><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:-.3pt"><span style="font-weight:normal"> جلوگیری می‌کند.</span></span></span></span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:12.0pt"><span b="" koodak="" style="font-family:"><span style="font-weight:normal"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Background</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">: </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt">Parkinson&#39;s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive damage of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and reduction of dopamine in the striatum. Several studies have shown that oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathophysiology of PD, and antioxidant agents can be useful in reducing the rate of neurodegeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and neuroprotective effect of p-Cymene in the reserpine-induced (RES) PD rat model</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">. </span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Materials and methods</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">: </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt">40 male Wistar rats </span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">were divided into </span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt">5 groups, including control, receiving vehicle of p-Cymene + receiving vehicle of reserpine (VP+VR), receiving reserpine (1 mg/5 days/intraperitoneal) + vehicle of p-Cymene (RES+VP), receiving p-Cymene (50 mg/14 days/oral) + vehicle of reserpine (p-Cymene+VR) and receiving reserpine+p-Cymene (RES+p-Cymene) were divided. After the treatment, the animals were subjected to behavioral evaluation (catalepsy test and shuttle box test). At the end, the level of hippocampal catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) by ELISA and malondialdehyde (MDA) by thiobarbituric acid method and the density of apoptotic neurons in different areas of the hippocampus were measured</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">. </span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="line-height:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Results</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">: T</span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:11.0pt">he results showed a significant reduction in catalepsy behavior, amelioration of avoidance memory, a significant increase in CAT and SOD, and a decrease in MDA in the RES+p-Cymene group compared to the p-Cymene+VR group. On the other hand, p-Cymene prevented the increase in the density of apoptotic neurons caused by RES in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus</span><span style="font-size:11.0pt">.</span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:11.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">Conclusion</span></b><span style="font-size:11.0pt">: In general, the results showed that p-cymene had a protective effect in the PD model and prevented motor-cognitive disorders and neuronal damage caused by RES.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; رزرپین, بیماری پارکینسون, مونوترپن, کاتالپسی Reserpine, Parkinson's disease, Monoterpene, Catalepsy 129 139 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-727-10&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Milad Ansari میلاد انصاری miladansari20162016z@gmail.com 100319475328460012308 0009-0009-9936-1570 No MSc Candidate in Animal Physiology, Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد فیزیولوژی جانوری، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران. Mohammad Amin Edalatmanesh محمد امین عدالت منش amin.edalatmanesh@gmail.com 100319475328460012309 100319475328460012309 Yes Associate Professor of Physiology, Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran دانشیار فیزیولوژی، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران