2024-03-29T03:27:42+03:30 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=61&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
61-1526 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2019 29 1 The personalized medicine: today and tomorrow Mohammad Reza Noori-Daloii nooridaloii@sina.tums.ac.ir Narges Zafari Recent genetic findings and correlated developments in genomic techniques have led to the commercialization of novel diagnostic platforms for studying disease or evaluating therapeutic results in patients. This field is known as ‘‘personalized medicine,’’ and uses the patient’s genetic structure to tailor approaches for patient specific disease detection, treatment, or prevention. Personalized medicine is embedded in the belief that since individuals have unique features at the molecular, physiological, environmental exposure, and behavioral levels, they may need to have mediations provided to them for diseases they have that are tailored to these unique characteristics. Personalized diagnostic tests are used to identify patient-to-patient differences in gene or protein expression levels, which performance as indicators for drug treatments or disease prognosis. In order, medical experts be able to better answer questions such as: ‘‘who must be treated with which drug?’’ and ‘‘How should the treatment be ordered?’’ Clinical genetic testing began over 30 years ago with the accessibility of mutation detection. Since then, the field has intensely altered to include genome sequencing and genome-wide analyses using microarrays and next-generation sequencing. The identification of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence variants related with common diseases stimulated the availability of testing for personal disease risk estimation, and created commercial opportunities for direct-to-consumer genetic testing companies that examine these variants. This genetic risks, are the key components of the personalized medicine, which aims to apply personal genomic and other relevant data into a patient’s clinical valuation to more accurately guide medical management. Direct-to-consumer (DTC) DNA testing, by providing a wide range of personal genomic information directly to its consumers. These companies, illustrated by the well-established 23andMe, usually carry out an analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) using DNA extracted from a saliva sample. These genetic data are then assimilated and provided direct to the customer, with different interpretation. Personalized medicine Pharmacogenomics Precision 2019 3 01 1 17 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1526-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.29.1.1
61-1527 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2019 29 1 Antinociceptive effect of Salvia Sharifii Rech. F. & Esfand seed\'s oil in formalin test in mice Zahra Mousavi mosavi50@yahoo.com Jinous Asgarpanah Farzaneh Heydarzadeh Ava Zenderood Yas Arbabi Rana Kharazchi Background: Salvia sharifii Rech. F. & Esfand (Lamiaceae) is an Iranian endemic plant that widely used as a medicinal plant. Due to the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of other Salvia species, the present study was conducted to investigate the antinociceptive effect of S. sharifii seed's oil (SSSO) in experimental animals. Materials and methods: Seed's oil of S. sharifii was extracted by Soxhlet method. In order to assess the antinociceptive activity, the animals were classified to five groups: control (vehicle), S. sharifii seed's oil (20 and 100 mg/kg) and standard groups (morphine 5 mg/kg and mefenamic acid 30 mg/kg). The analgesic activities were studied by formalin test in mice. The nociceptive responses were divided to two phases; phase I (0-15minutes) and phase II (15-60 minutes). Comparisons between the groups were carried out using the analysis of variance (one way ANOVA) and post hoc Tukey's test. P<0.05 was considered as significant difference. Results: S. sharifii seed's oil showed significant antinociceptive effects in first phase (dose 20 mg/kg) and second phase (dose 20 and 100 mg/kg) of formalin test compared to control group. These effects were comparable to morphine and mefenamic acid in chronic phase of formalin test. Conclusion: The results indicated that S. sharifii seed's oil induced a significant antinociceptive in mice that is likely related to active constituents of this seed's oil. Antinociceptive Salvia Sharifii Rech. f. & Esfand Seed's Oil Mice. 2019 3 01 18 26 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1527-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.29.1.18
61-1528 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2019 29 1 Effect of kind of exercise training on gene expression of β3-ARs and A2ARs receptors of brown adipose tissue in obese male rats Shohre Sharifian Ramin Shabani shabani_msn@yahoo.com Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani Alireza Elmieh Background: The aim of present study was to investigate the effect of a period of endurance training and high intensity intermittent training on gene expression of β3-Adrenergic (β3-ARs) and A2A (A2ARs) receptors of brown adipose tissue in obese male Wistar rats. Materials and methods: In an experimental trial, 15 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, including endurance training group (n=5), high intensity intermittent training group (n=5) and control group (n=5). The training protocol included 5 sessions per week for 12 weeks. The gene expression of β3-Adrenergic and A2ARs were examined by qRT- PCR. The Kruskal-Wallis was used to analysis the data and significant level was set at p<0.05. Results: There was no significant difference in gene expression of β3-ARs among groups (p=0.097), but endurance training caused the significant increase in gene expression of A2ARs compared to control group (p=0.030). The weight did not show any significant difference among groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our results showed that endurance training induced significant enhance in gene expression of A2ARs of brown adipose tissue. This result can be due to suitable intensity and during of this training on A2ARs. According to results of this study, it is concluded that endurance training prevents high fat diet induced obesity. Brown adipose tissue Endurance training High intensity intermittent training High fat diet 2019 3 01 27 36 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1528-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.29.1.27
61-1529 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2019 29 1 Hepatoprotective effects of green tea (Camellia sinensis) on diazinon induced liver damage in female mice Mahnaz Mohammadi mh_mohamadi@yahoo,com Firozeh KaramBeigi Zahra Jamshidi Hoam MohseniKochesfehani Zeinab Rezaei Background: Diazinon increases the production of free radicals and hurts the body tissues. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of green tea on tissue and liver enzymes in diazinon-treated rats. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, 40 NMRI female mice were divided into 8 groups: control group1 did not receive substance; control group 2 and control group 3 received olive oil and saline, respectively, for 7 days; shamgroup 1 received IP injection of diazinon in dose of 60 mg/kg for 7 days; the sham group 2 and sham group3 received green tea extracts with 200 and 300 mg/kg for 28 days. Experimental group 1 and 2 were treated with 200 and 300 mg/kg green tea extract for 28 days, respectively. Diazinon was prescribed with dose of 60 mg/kg since 14- day for 7 consecutive days in the experimental groups. 48 hours after the last injection, liver tissue was studied for histopathologic examination. The level of liver enzymes activity was evaluated. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. Results: The activity of liver enzymes in the control group 1 increased compared to the control group, which decreased after application of green tea extract in experimental groups 1 and 2. The histopathological results showed that hepatocytes were destroyed in the control group 1, while tissue necrosis was not observed in experimental groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: It could be concluded that the consumption of Camellia sinensis normalizes liver enzyme levels and improves liver tissue changes due to diazinon. Green tea Diazinon Liver Liver enzyme. 2019 3 01 37 47 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1529-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.29.1.37
61-1530 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2019 29 1 Evaluation of serum levels of antioxidant trace elements, zinc, copper, selenium and manganese, in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia before treatment Mehrnaz Keshavarzi Fariba Faraji faraji_fariba@hotmail.com Monireh Movahedi Background: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can induce carcinogenesis via DNA injury. Antioxidants participate in cell protection against harmful influence of oxidative stress. The aim of the present study was to assess the levels of antioxidant elements, including Zn, Cu, Se and Mn, in serum of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia before treatment. Materials and methods: In this study, 20 children just diagnosed ALL before chemotherapy (mean age, 6.6±4.6) compared to 20 healthy controls (mean age, 10.3±2.7). Concentration of the elements were measured with atomic absorption spectroscopy Results: serum levels of Mn were significantly lower in acute leukemia than in controls (P=0.03), while Cu was significantly elevated (P <0.0001). There were no significant difference regarding Zn and Se between two groups (P =0.07 and P =0.35, respectively). Conclusion: Based on obtained results, changes of serum level of these antioxidants could likely have biological role in initiation or progression of leukemia.  Further studies are needed to clarify the role of these factors in pathogenesis of acute leukemia Antioxidant trace elements Acute lymphoblastic leukemia. 2019 3 01 48 55 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1530-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.29.1.48
61-1531 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2019 29 1 Evaluating the presentation of blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaSHV resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolated from animal food sources in Tonekabon city and determination of their antibiotic resistance profile Shiva Khajavi Zoheir Heshmatipour zheshmat@gmail.com Akram Sadat Tabatabaee Bafroee Background: prevalence of E. coli which produces broad spectrum Beta-lactamases in the category of animals like sheep as well as the risk of its transmission to humans have become a significant concern during recent years. The purpose of the research was to study the presence of genes blaCTX-M , blaTEM  and blaSHV in E.coli isolates derived from lamb meat in butcheries of Tonekabon city, and to determine the anti-biotic resistance pattern of these isolates. Materials and methods: 50 samples of lamb meat were randomly collected from butcheries of Tonekabon city and were transferred to laboratory under sterile conditions. The presence of studied genes was examined using PCR technique and proprietary primers. Anti-biotic sensitivity test was conducted using Kirby’s disk diffusion method. Results: Among obtained isolates, 30 isolates were identified as E. coli. All 30 isolated (100%) carried the blaCTX-M gene and lacked blaSHV. blaCTX-M was identified in 7 isolates (23.3%). 7 samples (23.3%) were positive for both blaCTX-M and blaTFM. The analysis of anti-biotic resistance showed that the isolates were resistant against amoxicillin-clavulanic (86/7%), doxycycline and cephadol (10%) and tetracycline (6/7%). On the other hand, all 30 isolates (100%) were susceptible to cefotaxime and ceftazidime, and 28 isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone. Conclusion: Isolates susceptible to antibiotics which carrying resistant genes, probably have the potential to become resistant against them. Thus logical usage of antibiotics should be considered more than before. E.coli blaCTX-M bla TEM bla SHV Animal food sources 2019 3 01 56 63 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1531-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.29.1.56
61-1532 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2019 29 1 Synergistic effect of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gentamicin against clinical isolates of Pseudomona aeruginosa Somayeh Esmaili Reza Hosseini Doust rhdoust@gmail.com Background: Pseudomona aeruginosa is one of the most important opportunistic pathogens and is one of the main causes of nosocomial infections. Antibiotic therapy has faced with serious problem due to worldwide antibiotic resistance of this organism. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anti-bacteial effects of AgNPs on Gentamicin against clinical isolate of P. aeruginosa. Materials and methods: Sixty strains of P. aeruginosa were isolated from blood, wound, respiratory specimens collected from hospitalized patients within Tehran hospitals. All isolates were first confirmed using standard bacteriologic tests. Standard Kirby- Bauer agar diffusion method was used to evaluate the gentamycin resistance pattern of isolates and also their sensitivity pattern to different concentrations of AgNPs. Finally the effects of different combinations of gentamycin and AgNPs on P. aeruginosa were tested and the results were analyzed by statistical methods. Results: More than 56% of isolates were resistant to gentamicin, and 13% were mentioned as intermediate according to CLSI guidelines. 30% of isolates were sensitive to this antibiotic. Almost all isolates were sensitive to AgNPs at concentrations of up to 10 μg/ml. The ratio of 50:50 of gentamycin and AgNPs sowed efficacy against all clinical isolates and standard. Conclusion: we concluded that AGNps enhanced anti-bacterial effects of gentamycin at different ratio of two components. The best effects observed when antibiotic and AgNPs were mixed equally at their MIC level.  We assumed that different size of AgNPs should be tested with antibiotic before final recommendation. Synergic Antibiotic resistance P. aeruginosa Gentamicin Silver nanoparticles 2019 3 01 64 70 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1532-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.29.1.64
61-1533 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2019 29 1 The performance of Beck\'s life style multi-component model on modifying eating behavior of overweight women Fariba Parsamanesh Adis Kraskian adis.kraskian@kiau.ac.ir Hasan Ahadi Mohammad Hakami Background: The role psychological models is important in creating and modifying behaviors such as weight-related behaviors. The present study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of the Beck's multi-component model of weight-related lifestyle (2009) on eating behaviors of overweight female in Karaj city. Materials and methods: This quasi-experimental study, using a pre-test post-test with expanded control group, was conducted on 40 female overweight students of Azad University of Karaj, Iran in 2016. The study population (n=40) was selected by through available sampling method and randomly divided into experimental (m=20) and control (n=20) groups. The experimental group subjected to eight 90-minute sessions of the Beck's multi-component model of weight-related lifestyle (2009). The two study groups filled out the Doch Eating Behavior Questionnaire. The data were analyzed by mixed ANOVA. Results: The results showed a significant difference between control and experimental group (between-subjects effects) in the overall, external, and restrained eating behavior. A significant difference in the measurement period (within-subjects effects) in the overall, emotional, and external eating behavior, and a significant difference between control and experimental group and in the measurement period) Interaction effect) in eating behavior and its components (emotional, external, restrained) was observed (p<0.05). Conclusion: Findings of the present study indicated the Beck's multi-component model of weight-related lifestyle (2009) can be used as an effective way to moderate eating behavior and its components (emotional, external, and restrained) in overweight women. Beck's model Lifestyle Eating behavior 2019 3 01 71 82 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1533-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.29.1.71
61-1534 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2019 29 1 The effectiveness of psychoeducational and McMaster approaches on increasing cohesion- flexibility of couples Seyed Jamaleddin Nabavi Bagher Sanai Zaker bsanai@yahoo.com Alireza kiyamanesh Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of psychoeducational (relationship enrichment) approach and McMaster theory on increasing cohesion-flexibility of couples. Materials and methods: From among 60 volunteer couples, 24 were randomly selected and divided into two experimental groups of psychoeducational (8 males and 8 females) and McMaster (8 males and 8 females), and one control group (8 males and 8 females). Each of the experimental groups was separately trained in 10 sessions over a three-month period based on the psychoeducational (RE) and McMaster approaches. The participants in the three groups were evaluated by the marital cohesion -flexibility questionnaire in three stages of pre-test, post-test, and follow-up period. Chi-squared was used to analyze data. Results: The results of the study indicated that the psychoeducational relationship enrichment model and the McMaster model didn’t significantly increase cohesion – flexibility among couples (P>0.05). Conclusion: Cohesion and flexibility among spouses are seen in a linear continuum that shows the central points of healthy relationships. Cohesion shows the degree of dependence and independence between spouses and flexibility shows the ability of the marital system as an effective substitute for stress and changes. In this study, two psychoeducational and McMaster's approaches did not succeed to improve cohesion and flexibility between couples. Cohesion Flexibility Psychoeducational McMaster 2019 3 01 83 91 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1534-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.29.1.83
61-1535 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2019 29 1 Prediction of eating disorder symptoms among female students based on experiential avoidance and mindfulness Mohsen Kachooei kachooei.m@gmail.com Emad Ashrafi Mona Momeni Rouchi Anahita Hosseinpour Parandis Hafezi Background: Based on emotional regulation models of eating pathology, disordered eating behaviors are maladaptive efforts to avoid or escape from aversive internal experiences. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between experiential avoidance and mindfulness with eating disorders symptomology among undergraduate female students. Materials and methods: In this descriptive-correlative research, 350 eligible female students selected by convenient sampling method in 2016. Questionnaires of Eating Disorders Diagnostic Scale (EDDS), The Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), and Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS) were used. Data analysis was done by Pearson correlational analysis and multiple regression analysis. Results: There found a positive significant relationship between eating disorder symptoms and experiential avoidance (P<0.01); and a negative significant relationship between eating disorder symptoms and mindfulness (P<0.01). The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that both constructs of experiential avoidance and mindfulness were significant predictors of eating disorders symptomology. Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that avoidance of internal experiences and low mindfulness may play a role in disordered eating. Therefore, development of regulation strategies for applying in exposure with unpleasant experiences may be useful in prevention and treatment of eating disorder. Eating and Feeding Disorders Experiential avoidance Mindfulness 2019 3 01 92 99 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1535-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.29.1.92