---

Background: Coronary artery diseases (CAD) are leading causes of death in developed countries. Also, 10-15% of elderly people of the United State of America have gallstone. These two diseases have similar risk factors, such as obesity, elderliness, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hyper tension. Determining the correlation of coronary artery disease and gallstone is the main Aim of this study.
Materials and methods: This analytical cross-sectional study was done on 130 patients whom were suspected to CAD and have been referred to Shohadaye Kargar Hospital of Yazd echocardiography department. They have been randomly selected and echo test and sonography have been done for all by expert specialists. Data were analyzed by chi-square, Exact Fisher and Mantel-Haenszel tests.
Results: Stress test were negative in 80 (61.53%) and were positive in 50 (38.47%) patients. Of 80 negative stress test subjects, negative gallbladder sonography was observed in 77 (96.25%) patients while in 3 (3.75) patients gallbladder sonography was positive. Among 50 positive stress test patients, 42 (84%) and 8 (16%) patients had negative and positive gallbladder sonography, respectively. There not found statistically significant association between CAD and gallston (p= 0.022).
Conclusion: Patients who had coronary artery disease, compared with healthy individuals, are at increased risk of gallstones. In men older than 50 years suffering from vague upper abdominal pain, Liver and gallbladder sonography ultrasound is recommended for detection of probable biliary stones.

---

diagnosis is very difficult, confusing and challenging. Delay in diagnosis or misdiagnosis is potentially life threatening for mother. Case Report: In this report, a 27-year old woman complaining of abdominal pain and bleeding spotting with 3 weeks delay was referred to hospital. Diagnostic evaluations showed corneal heterotopic pregnancy. Corneal and oviduct was removed and the site was restored. Intrauterine pregnancy was aborted after a few days. Conclusion: Because cornual pregnancies are located at the most richly vascularized area, any rupture can cause heavy bleeding, acute shock and death. So, cornual pregnancies need accurate diagnosis and urgent treatment. Keywords: Pregnancy, Ectopic pregnancy, Heterotopic corneal pregnancy.

---

Background: Obesity is a chronic disease and a public health problem that is introduced as an important risk factor for catching obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in some studies. The present study was done to investigate the relationship between obesity and OSA in depressed elderly patients.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2014 to 2015 on 175 depressed elderly patients referred to health centers of Saqqez, using clustering and available sampling in saqqez. Demographic form, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) and Berlin Questionnaire were used to gather the data. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version 18) using descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov Smirinov, Mann Whitney- U, Chi-square and Exact Fischer tests. P- value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant.

Results: 175 elderly depressed patients with mean age (± standard deviation) of 69.42±8 years were studied. 106 peoples (60.6%) were at high risk for OSA. There was a significant relationship between OSA and obesity (P<0.05). The odds ratio for obesity in OSA people was 2.2 compared to those without OSA (OR: 2.2; 95%CI: 1.2-4.2; p <0.05).

Conclusion: There is relationship between body mass index and OSA in depressed elderly patients.

Keywords: Elderly, Body mass index, Depression, Obstructive sleep apnea.

---

Background: Endometriosis is one of the most common diseases with high socio- economic burden in women. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors influencing on endometriosis by logistic regression.

Materials and methods:  In this case- control study, data were collected from patients records in Hazrat Rasoole Akram Hospital in Tehran. The patients who suffered from endometriosis (250), and their disease was diagnosed by laparoscopy, were selected as case group, and 250 patients with gynecologic disorder, other than endometriosis, confirmed by laparoscopy were chosen as control group. Factors affecting endometriosis were evaluated by logistic regression using the software SPSS. P- value <0.05 was considered significant.

Results: Mean age (±standard deviations) of women in case group (34.84±0.62) was significantly higher than control group (33.75±0.55) (P=0.02). Single variable logistic regression for independent variables candidate age, irregular menses, the duration of menstrual cycle, the duration of bleeding, the number of pregnancies, the number of live births, infertility, speck before menstrual bleeding to enter into multi variable logistic regression at error level of 0.2. Variables of age, the number of live births, and premenstrual spotting were predicted as factors influencing endometriosis.

Conclusion: According to the result of present study, age, the number of live births, premenstrual spotting were predicted as effective factors for endometriosis. As we know, increasing awareness of women about factors influencing endometriosis may help timely diagnosis and treatment of this important disease.

Keywords: Endometriosis, Reproductive age, Logistic regression, Laparoscopy.

---

Background: The urinary tract infection is the secondary most common human infection. Colon bacteria, including Klebsiella pneumonia, are the main cause of urinary tract infections. The occurrence of the antibiotic resistance is a major problem in the treatment of infections. Beta- lactamases and efflux pumps constitute the major defense mechanisms of antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The aim of present study was to detect oqxA and oqxB genes that encoding oqxAB efflux pumps, in the resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Materials and methods: Among 430 urine samples gathered from Mofoid and Modares Hospitals and Farabi Tajrish Laboratory, 100 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae has been isolated. Antibiotic sensitivity tests have been accomplished by disc diffusion method based on CLSI standard. The ESBL strains have been identified by Roscoe's compound discs. Finally, the presences of oqxAB efflux pumps have been detected by PCR method through finding the genes encoding these pumps.
Results: Among 100 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains, 43% were ESBL positive. Imipenem, piperacillin tazobactam and morphenem were identified more effective than other antibiotics. The prevalence of oqxA and oqxB genes among resistant isolates was 69.76% and 72.1%, respectively.
Conclusion: Regarding our findings, the urinary tract infections caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae were more prevalent in hospitalized patients. As well as, it was shown a higher percentage of resistance in compare with strains isolated from outpatients. Since the high resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae strains is very worrying, antibiotics prescribing especially carbapenems need to be strongly supervised.
Keywords: Klebsiella pneumonia, Antibiotic resistance, Efflux pump, Urinary tract infection.