@article{ author = {Shahmohamadi, Shahram and Khosravi, Maryam and HajizadehMoghaddam, Akbar}, title = {Effect of Salvia officinalis L. extract on malondialdehyde against streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress in rat’s brain}, abstract ={Background: Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between oxidative and the anti-oxidative systems in the living tissues. Oxidative stress in brain causes brain dysfunction, destruction of neurons, and diseases like Alzheimer. In the present study, we examined the protective effect of Salvia officinalis L. against streptozotocin-induced oxidative stress in rat’s brain. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, Wistar rats were divided into control, Sham, and three experimental groups received 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extract of Salvia officinalis intraperitoneally, respectively. After two weeks, surgical procedure was performed on sham and experimental groups and after one week recovery, streptozotocin was injected intra-cerebroventricularly (ICV-STZ) at 3 mg/kg. Brain hemispheres were collected after fourth week. Finally, malondialdehyde (MDA)) level was measured in brain hemispheres tissues. Results: STZ significantly increased MDA levels compared to the control group (P<0.001), whereas intraperitoneally injection of different doses of Salvia officinalis leaves extract significantly decreased MDA levels (P<0.001). Conclusion: We concluded that antioxidant effect of Salvia officinalis L. could prevent oxidative stress induced by ICV injection of STZ in the brain of male rat.}, Keywords = {Oxidative stress, Salvia officinalis, Streptozotocin, Malondialdehyde, Rat}, volume = {23}, Number = {4}, pages = {225-229}, publisher = {Islamic Azxad University, Tehran Medical Branch}, url = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-726-en.html}, eprint = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-726-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch}, issn = {1023-5922}, eissn = {2008-3386}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Naghii, Mohammd Reza and Ebrahimpour, Yousef and Darvishi, Peyman and Torkaman, Giti and Mofid, Mahmoud and Hedayati, Mehdi}, title = {Effect of consumption of fatty acids, nutrients and regular physical activity on bone mechanical properties in rats}, abstract ={Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the comparative effect of consumption of fatty acids (polyunsaturated, monounsaturated and saturated), selected nutrients (calcium, vitamin D, and boron), along regular physical activity on bone mechanical properties in rats.Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats weighing 140-180 g were divided into control and six treatment groups (n=8/ each group) and treated for eight weeks as following: Group 1 (control): regular food and drinking water Group 2 (Sport Sp): same as Gr.1 + physical activity (Whole body vibration WBV) Group 3 (SPM): same as Gr.2 + Calcium, Vit. D, Boron Group 4 (Co): same as Gr.3 + canola oil Group 5 (AF): same as Gr.3 + sunflower oil Group 6 (AC): same as Gr.3 + sunflower and canola oils and Group 7 (N): same as Gr.3 + coconut oil. After interventions, frozen plasmas were analyzed and mechanical properties of femurs, tibias, and lumbar bones were determined. One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the effects of different treatments. Results: Analysis of data between the groups revealed significant increase in serum levels of estradiol (E2) in group 7 (N), (p<0.05). In addition, serum levels of testosterone (T) in groups 4 (Co) and 7 (N), and free testosterone (FT) in the group 7 (N) had a remarkable, but non-significant increase. As a result of vibration training, similar trend was observed for serum levels of vitamin D in the group 4 (Co) and 5 (AF). The stiffness and the breaking strength (Fmax) of the femur bone in the group 7, and the breaking strength of the lumbar bone in the group 7 compared to the control and the groups 4 and 5 was significantly higher and tended to increase compared to the group 6. Conclusion: Better and stronger measurements observed for coconut oil is warranted to further study its effect on biomechanical properties of bones.}, Keywords = {Fatty acids, Calcium, Boron, Vit D, Mechanical properties of bones, Rat}, volume = {23}, Number = {4}, pages = {230-239}, publisher = {Islamic Azxad University, Tehran Medical Branch}, url = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-727-en.html}, eprint = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-727-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch}, issn = {1023-5922}, eissn = {2008-3386}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Alimehdi, Mansour and Kazemi, Amene Sadat and Fahimi, Samad and Mojtabai, Mi}, title = {Prediction of students adjustment based on Gary biological model personality}, abstract ={Background: Biological personality Gary, as a psychological- neural theory, refers to brain systems of behaviors explaining psychological and social factors. Aim of the present study was to investigate relationship between behavioral inhibition and activation systems with adjustment of students. Materials and Methods: Among high school students of Tehran province in years of 2011-2012, 332 individuals (166 males, 166 females) were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling. White scale brain systems and behavior (Carver and White, 1994) and scale adjustment of students (Sinha and Syg, 1993) were used. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation and stepwise regression analyzes and t test. Results: There was significant correlation between behavioral activation system and white adjustment emotional, academic and inhibition system whit social adjustment deterrent system. There was no significant sex difference between brain behavior system and adjustment.Conclusion: It seems that important components of biological models of personality can be effective in explaining many psychological and social behaviors.}, Keywords = {Systems of behavioral activation, Behavioral inhibition system, Compatibility, Student}, volume = {23}, Number = {4}, pages = {240-244}, publisher = {Islamic Azxad University, Tehran Medical Branch}, url = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-728-en.html}, eprint = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-728-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch}, issn = {1023-5922}, eissn = {2008-3386}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Qasemzadeh, Mohammad Javad and Pirnia, Seyed Ali and Ebrahimi, Hossein and Mohebi, Siamak and EbrahimiGrfmy, Seyede Matin and Ebrahimi, H}, title = {Association of preterm birth with intelligence quotient in 5-11 years children in Rasht}, abstract ={Background: A potential brain damage, as a result of premature birth, can cause damage to intelligence quotient (IQ). Due to the high incidence of preterm birth and its associated disorders and its impact on society and according to a few studies in this field, this study with the aim of evaluating association between IQ and preterm birth was conducted. Materials and Methods: This historical cohort study was done on 282 children of school age, dividing into two groups of cohort (n = 147) and controls (n = 156). Demographic characteristics and findings of Raven's test for assessing IQ were gathered in children. Data were analyzed by SPSS software at a significance level of less than 0.05. Results: The mean and standard deviation of IQ in cohort groups and control were the 99.46 ± 9.91 and 100.02 ± 8.61, respectively. The mean gestational age was 33.74 weeks in cohort group and 38.63 weeks in the control group. Mean birth weight and head circumference in the cohort and control group were 2226.81gr, 32.72 cm and 3260.57gr, 33.97 cm, respectively. Mean score of IQ was not significantly different between two groups, but IQ had significant correlation with birth weight and head circumference (r=0.179, P=0.002 and r=0.299, P<0.001, respectively).Conclusion: Unlike results of a few previous studies on this issue, no significant differences were found between the two groups. It is recommended that future assessments study should be done on broader populations and should be considered behavioral and psychological dimensions.}, Keywords = {Intelligence quotient (IQ), Premature birth, School age, Raven’s test}, volume = {23}, Number = {4}, pages = {245-249}, publisher = {Islamic Azxad University, Tehran Medical Branch}, url = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-729-en.html}, eprint = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-729-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch}, issn = {1023-5922}, eissn = {2008-3386}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Fadai, Farbod and Rayisi, Mina and VahdatShariatpanahi, Seyedeh Maryam and Moghimi-Dehkordi, Bijan and Farzaneh, Neda and Zamir, Seyed Mohse}, title = {Comparative evaluation of educational-medical and just medical psychiatric wards in terms of diagnosis and treatment process in schizophrenic patients at Razi psychiatric hospital}, abstract ={Background: Schizophrenia is one of the most important psychiatric disorders and the majority of the mental hospital beds occupied by these patients. In this study, patients suffering from schizophrenia treated in educational-medical ward or just medical wards were compared in terms of diagnostic and treatment processes. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on schizophrenic patients admitted to the Tehran Razi psychiatry hospital between 2011 and 2012. A total of 300 medical records were randomly selected from both educational-medical (n=150) and just medical ward (n=150). The selected medical records were compared regarding to diagnosis, treatment, duration of hospitalization, use of electroconvulsive therapy, history of previous hospitalization and patients efficiency. Results: First-generation antipsychotics were the most used drugs in medical ward (56.7%) and second-generations antipsychotics (54.7%) were more used in educational-medical ward (p<0.05). The use of psychosocial treatments was considerably higher in educational-medical ward (34% vs. 13.3%). Electroconvulsive therapy was used more than three times in medical ward compared to educational-medical ward (p<0.05). Mean (±SD) duration of hospitalization was 39±35 days and 58±39 days in medical ward and educational-medical ward, respectively (P<0.05).Conclusion: It seems that comparing to medical wards, educational-medical wards were more consistent with new guidelines in the world regarding to excellence of second-generations, use of psychosocial treatments, use of electroconvulsive therapy and hospital stay.}, Keywords = {Schizophrenia, First-generation antipsychotics, Second-generation antipsychotics, Electroconvulsive therapy, Psychotherapy}, volume = {23}, Number = {4}, pages = {250-256}, publisher = {Islamic Azxad University, Tehran Medical Branch}, url = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-730-en.html}, eprint = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-730-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch}, issn = {1023-5922}, eissn = {2008-3386}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {Zakerihamidi, Maryam and Masouditonekaboni, Mitra and MohammadiZeidi, Banafshe and MohammadiZeidi, Isa and Sadeghi, Farib}, title = {Comparison the childbirth outcomes between early amniotomy and premature rupture of membranes}, abstract ={Background: The aim of amniotomy is to speed up contractions and shorten the length of labor. However, there are concerns regarding unintended adverse effects on the mother and neonate. The aim of current study was to compare maternal and childbirth outcomes of early and late amniotomy with premature rupture of membranes (PROM). Materials and Methods: This cohort study was carried out among 200 term pregnant women with singleton fetus and cephalic presentation at shahid Raajaee hospital, Tonekabon, Iran. Statistical analysis was performed by Chi-square, exact Fisher test and ANOVA using SPSS. version 17.0. Results: Duration of the first stage of labor was significantly longer in the early amniotomy group (15.29±14.22 hours) as compared with the late amniotomy group (10.27±5.58 hours) and the PROM group (10.81±5.30 hours) (P<0.0012). Higher rates of Cesarean section were found in the early amniotomy group (17.38%) as compared with the others (4/2% in late amniotomy group and 2.37% in PROM group, P<0.018). Regarding abnormal fetal heart rate (FHR), there was significant differences between early amniotomy group (15.01%) and PROM group (3.36%) (P<0.0001). There was no significant difference in other neonatal and maternal outcomes between three groups. Conclusion: Regarding current findings, cervical ripening techniques in order to improve the Bishop scores should be applied before amniotomy.}, Keywords = {Childbirth outcomes, Early amniotomy, Premature rupture of membrane}, volume = {23}, Number = {4}, pages = {257-261}, publisher = {Islamic Azxad University, Tehran Medical Branch}, url = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-731-en.html}, eprint = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-731-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch}, issn = {1023-5922}, eissn = {2008-3386}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {TarvijEslami, Saeedeh and Nassirian, Hossain and DaneshAmuze, Hesam}, title = {Comparing growth indices between exclusive breastfed infants ≤ 6 months and growth standards of National Center Health Statistics in Iran}, abstract ={Background: Exclusive breast feeding (EBF) has lifelong benefits for both mothers and infants. We aimed to access growth indices in exclusively breast fed infants ≤ 6 months and compare them with growth standards of National Center Health Statistics (NCHS), to evaluate efficacy of EBF for optimal growth as well. Materials and Methods: This cross sectional study included 500 healthy exclusively breast fed infants from a private clinic and 4 public health centers from 1995 to 2005 in Mashhad, Iran .Their growth indices were accessed and compared with NCHS growth standards. Results: Mean growth indices of males and females were significantly higher than the same percentile in NCHS standards. Conclusion: The present study revealed efficacy of EBF for optimal growth in the first 6 months of life. By the time native growth charts are on access, using breast fed growth standards designed on breast fed infant indices (World Health Organization-WHO) standards for growth monitoring is significance in Iran which leads to correct evaluation and preserving EBF.}, Keywords = {Breast feeding, Breastfed infant, NCHS, WHO, Growth standard}, volume = {23}, Number = {4}, pages = {262-268}, publisher = {Islamic Azxad University, Tehran Medical Branch}, url = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-732-en.html}, eprint = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-732-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch}, issn = {1023-5922}, eissn = {2008-3386}, year = {2014} } @article{ author = {GhaneiGheshlagh, Reza and Dastras, Majid and FazlaliPourMiyandoab, Masoud and Naseri, Omi}, title = {The relationship between preoperative anxiety and postoperative nausea and vomiting}, abstract ={Background: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is a common and unpleasant experience for patients undergoing surgery which will delay healing and increase the cost. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between preoperative anxiety and postoperative nausea and vomiting. Materials and Methods: This descriptive, analytical and correlation study was carried out with purposive sampling method on 110 patients of surgery unit of Besat hospital of Sanandaj in 2012. Spielberger questionnaire was used for assessing preoperative anxiety and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) to evaluate the severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting. The Spielberger questionnaire was completed the night before surgery and pain questionnaire was completed 3 hours after surgery. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, chi-square, Spearman and Pearson correlation tests using SPSS software version 18. P- Value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: 32 patients (29.1%) had severe state preoperative anxiety and 21 patients (19.1%) had severe trait preoperative anxiety and 14 patients (12.7%) had severe postoperative nausea and vomiting. There was a significant correlation between state anxiety (p=0.0001, r=0.60) and trait anxiety (p=0.0001, r=0.54) before surgery and postoperative nausea and vomiting. Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between preoperative anxiety and postoperative nausea and vomiting.}, Keywords = {Postoperative nausea and vomiting, Preoperative anxiety, Surgery}, volume = {23}, Number = {4}, pages = {269-274}, publisher = {Islamic Azxad University, Tehran Medical Branch}, url = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-733-en.html}, eprint = {http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-733-en.pdf}, journal = {Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch}, issn = {1023-5922}, eissn = {2008-3386}, year = {2014} }