2024-03-29T13:43:30+03:30 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/browse.php?mag_id=57&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
57-1367 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2018 28 1 Genome editing from bench to clinic by CRISPR/Cas9 Mohammad Reza Noori-Daloii nooridaloii@sina.tums.ac.ir Saeedeh Kavoosi Nazanin Rahimi Rad Background: Engineered molecular scissors invention beside their ability to conduct site-specific modification of the genome hold great promise for effective functional analyses of genes, genomes and epigenomes. These technologies could improve researchers’ understanding of the molecular underpinnings of disease states and facilitate novel medical genetic therapeutic applications. The CRISPR/Cas9 system’s simplicity, facile engineering and amenability to multiplexing make it the system of choice for many applications. CRISPR/Cas9 has been used to generate disease models to study genetic diseases. It is expected that in the near future researchers will refinement this technology in various aspects of the CRISPR/Cas9 system, including the system’s precision, delivery and control over the outcome of the on-targrt activity during repair process. Here, we discuss the CRISPR/Cas9 history, type of CRISPR systems, the status of this technology in the field of genome editing and its use in new treatments for diseases such as genetics, cancer, etc.   Cystic genome editing CRISPR/Cas9 Targeting specificity Novel therapies 2018 4 01 1 15 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1367-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.28.1.1
57-1368 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2018 28 1 The effect of sodium butyrate, histone deacetylase inhibitor on spatial learning and memory in rat model of cerebral hypoxic-ischemia Mohammad Amin Edalatmanesh amin.edalatmanesh@gmail.com Samira sahraeian Samaneh Rafiei Background: Cerebral ischemic stroke is the third cause of death in developed countries and is one of the main causes of long-term disabilities. This study investigated the effect of sodium butyrate, as histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDAI), on spatial learning and memory in cerebral hypoxic ischemia (HI) model. Materials and methods: In this experimental study, fifty male rats were divided into control, HI+Saline, HI+SB 0.1, HI+SB 0.3, and HI+SB 0.6 groups. In order to induce HI model, after permanent left carotid artery closure, the rats was placed in the hypoxic chamber (8% oxygen) for 1 hour. 24 hours after surgery, based on rats' weight sodium butyrate was injected at doses of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.6 mg/ kg as intra-peritoneal for 14 days. Rats in HI+Saline group were received normal saline for 14 days. Spatial memory in these groups was studied by Morris water maze (MWM) test. Then, the hippocampal level of BDNF was measured using ELISA. Results: However, HI+Saline group had a longer latency time to find hidden platform in MWM test, the results indicated improved spatial memory or decreased latency time to find hidden platform in MWM in rats received sodium butyrate. In spite of decreasing the hippocampal level of BDNF in the HI+Saline rats, this factor significantly increased in SB-treated rats. Conclusion: Sodium butyrate is able to improve spatial learning and memory in cerebral hypoxic ischemia model. Hypoxia-ischemia Histone deacethylase inhibitors Spatial memory Morris water maze Rat. 2018 4 01 16 23 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1368-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.28.1.16
57-1369 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2018 28 1 Cardioprotective effects of quercetin on doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in male rats Farzad Rahmani Nasim Asar Parvaneh Najafizadeh Seyede Zahra Mousavi mosavi50@yahoo.com Tayebeh Rastegar Background: Doxorubicin (Dox) is an effective anthracycline anticancer drug, although it’s clinical efficacy is restricted because of several acute and chronic side effects such as cardiotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the cardioprotective effects of quercetin on doxorubicin induced toxicity in male rats. Materials and methods: This experimental study was done on 30 Wistar rats, which divided into five groups (6 rats in each group). One control group was treated with saline (1 mL/kg), while the second control group (quercetin vehicle) received DMSO (1 mL/kg) for 14 days. Experimental groups were orally treated with quercetin every day at a dosage of 20 mg/kg, doxorubicin (25 mg/kg, i.p.) on 12th, 13th and 14th days of the experiment, as well as, with the combination of doxorubicin and Quercetin in stated doses. The treatment period lasted for 14 days. Body weight and histological preparations of heart samples of treated animals were examined on 15th day. Results: Body weight animals treated with doxorubicin significantly decreased compared to other groups (p<0.05). Quercetin was able to prevent weight loss caused by doxorubicin. Histopathological findings revealed that pretreatment by quercetin had protective efficacy against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity. Conclusion: According to pathological results, we confirmed that quercetin possess hepatoprotective effect against doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity which may be through its antioxidant activity. Quercetin Doxorubicin Cardiotoxicity Rat 2018 4 01 24 30 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1369-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.28.1.24
57-1370 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2018 28 1 The effect of aerobic training on anthropometric indices of obesity in male rats fed with high fat diet Omid Yaghoobpour Yekani Mohammad Ali Azarbayjani m_azarbayjani@iauctb.ac.ir Maghsoud Peeri Parvin Farzanegi Background: There are evidences that obesity is influenced by physical activity, but the daily nutrition can modify its effect. According to this, the aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of aerobic training on body compositions indices in male rats fed with high fat diet. Materials and methods: In an experimental trial, 16 Wistar male rats were divided randomly to two groups, including aerobic training + high fat diet group and high fat diet without any aerobic training group. High fat diet was composed of 40% fat, 13% protein and 47% carbohydrate. The training protocol was in progressive form, thus exercise intensity was increased every week. The aerobic training included running at speed of 20 m/min in 1st week and reached to 25 m/min in 12th weeks. Waist circumference, chest circumference, Lee index were measured in first week, end of batten level, end of 6th and 12th weeks. Results: Intake of high fat diet induced significant increase in the body weight, body mass index (BMI), Lee marker and waist to chest ratio (P=0.001). The aerobic training didn’t have any significant effect on the anthropometric markers of obesity. Conclusion: The results showed the aerobic training couldn’t decrease body weight, and high fat diet induced negative impression. Therefore, it is recommended that aerobic training alone isn’t effective solution for reducing the weight gain caused by excess calorie intake. High fat diet Aerobic training Anthropometric indices. 2018 4 01 31 36 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1370-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.28.1.31
57-1371 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2018 28 1 The expression studies of Bcl-xl gene subsequent effect of cholestasis and treatment by curcumin in hippocampus of male rats Somayeh Baghbaderani Mohammad Nasehi nasehi@iricss.org Mehrdad Hashemi Background: Cholestasis is a hepatic disease, which discomposes the secretion of bile and gives rise for the aggregation of bile compounds such as bile salts, in case of non-treatment, cholestasis finds the capability to influence on different organs such as heart and brain. Besides, the disease is also quite effective on the expression rate of apoptosis and mitochondrial biogenesis genes. Thus, we went through researching about the effects of cholestasis over the changes of expressions for genes run through apoptosis (BCL-XL) in hippocampus region of male rats. We also tried for fact-finding about the impact of curcumin drug, which holds treatment impact for chronic disease such as neoplastic, inflammatory, and nervous disorders over these genes expression in rats’ hippocampus. Materials and methods: The animals were divided in 4 groups of BDL, BDL- Curcumin, Sham- Curcumin, and Control. Rats of BDL group experienced BDL surgery (closing bile tubes). Besides, of surgery, rats of BDL-Curcumin group, treated with curcumin. Animals of Sham-Curcumin just received surgery stress and treated with drug, while the animals of CONTROL just experienced surgery stress without any other interference. Then, we removed hippocampus from rats’ brains and after the RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, we investigated genes expression measurement through Real Time PCR technique. Results: Curcumin drug increased the rate of BCL-XL gene expression at the rats’ hippocampus. Conclusion: The data indicated that curcumin can alter apoptosis-induced by cholestasis at the hippocampus region. Cholestasis BCL-XL Apotosis Hippocampal Curcumin. 2018 4 01 37 43 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1371-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.28.1.37
57-1372 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2018 28 1 Effect of vitamin C on liver injury after taking methotrexate in rats Behzad Jamali behzadjamali100@yahoo.com Sajjad Jamali Nasser Shokri Kalehsar Background: Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist which is widely used as a cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent for leukemia and other malignancies. It causes structural and functional damages in liver. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of vitamin C on the liver enzymes, including alanine amino transferase (ALT) and spartate amino transferase (AST), and also liver tissue damages induces bytaking methotrexate. Materials and methods: In this study, 30 rats were divided into three groups. Group 1 (control group) received normal saline (0.9%), intraperitoneally, for 10 consecutive days. Group 2 were given methotrexate (20mg/kg) intraperitoneally for 10 consecutive days. Group 3 received methotrexate with vitamin C (25mg/kg) intraperitoneally for 10 consecutive days. After 10 days, all animals were anaesthetized and blood serum were collected for biochemical analysis. After cervical dislocation, the liver tissue samples were taken in order to histological evaluation by light microscopy. Results: Serum levels of AST and ALT were significantly lower in group of methotrexate and vitamin C compared to methotrexate group (p<0.05). The amount of liver tissue damages in group received methotrexate and vitamin C was lower than the group received only methotrexate (P<0.05). Conclusion: The results of this study show that vitamin C may have a beneficial role in preventing liver damage caused by methotrexate and thus it could be considered potential role in clinical applications. Ascorbic acid Liver Damage Methotrexate Rat 2018 4 01 44 49 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1372-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.28.1.44
57-1373 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2018 28 1 The effectiveness of matrics therapy on emotion regulation in patients with dependency to metamphetamine Mohammadreza Fattahi Shengelabad Malek Mirhashemi mirhashemi@riau.ac.ir Background: The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of matrics therapy on emotion regulation in patients with dependency to metamphetamine. Materials and methods: This research was administrated on the basis of semi-exprimental studies with pretest- posttest with control group design. The sample of the study was consisted of 24 patients dependent to metamphetamine which were selected with simple random sampling and were randomly assigned in experimental and control groups (experimental group n=12 and control group n=12). Data were gathered by emotion regulation questionnaire (Gross & John, 2003). Results: Analysis of covariance showed that matrics therapy was effective in increasing emotion regulation of patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: Based on the analysis performed, we can conclude that the treatment by matrics therapy can increase emotion regulation. Matrics therapy Emotion regulation Metamphetamine Drug abuse 2018 4 01 50 57 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1373-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.28.1.50
57-1374 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2018 28 1 The role of teaching-learning environment on student engagement in medical science students Mehrandokht Nekavand Parivash Jafari pjaafari@yahoo.com Hamidreza Arasteh Background: Student engagement is one of the main factors affecting academic success. The main purpose of this study was to determine the role of teaching- learning environment on student engagement. Materials and methods: In this descriptive study, 364 students affiliated to Islamic Azad University of Medical Science were selected by multi-stage sampling. Data were collected through two questionnaires, including student engagement self- report questionnaire and teaching- learning environment questionnaire. The Cronbach's alpha reliability were calculated for both questionnaires as 0.89 and 0.95, respectively. Data were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation and multiple stepwise regression. Results: The mean of student engagement among the students was 3.47. There was a positive correlation between teaching- learning environment and all aspects of student engagement (p<0.01, r=0.473). Conclusion: Student-teacher relationship, students’ interactions and class atmosphere may predict student engagement.   Student engagement Learning environment Medical science students 2018 4 01 58 65 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1374-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.28.1.58
57-1375 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2018 28 1 Relationship between quality of life and self-efficacy in patients under coronary artery bypasses grafting surgery confined to bed in Social Security Organization Hospitals of Tehran Marjan RoshanGhias Mohammad Sahebalzamani m_szamani@yahoo.com Hojjatollah Farahani Parnian Adhami Moghadam Background: Improving quality of life is considered as one of the main factors determining the effectiveness of coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Self-efficacy provides conditions to fast recovery, prevention of relapse and improving quality of life. So, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between self-efficacy and quality of life in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Materials and methods: This descriptive correlational study was carried out on 255 patients underwent coronary artery bypass graft in Social Security Hospitals in Tehran in 2016. Data collection was performed through three questionnaires including demographic data, Mc New quality of life questionnaire, and general self-efficacy questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed by using independent t test, ANOVA and regression analysis through SPSS-v22 software. Results: Of 255 subjects, 12.9 percent of them had weak quality of life and 78.1 percent had a medium level. Self-efficacy of 77.6% of patients was middle and 22.4% was high. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between self-efficacy and quality of life (r= 0.327, p=0.001).  Based on the regression model, by 15 percent of quality of life and 23 percent of self-efficacy can be explained by demographic variables. Conclusion: Results showed that most of participants had average quality of life and self-efficacy. There was a significant relationship between quality of life and self-efficacy. Accordingly, it is necessary to design and implement educational interventions by clinical staff in order to promote patient’s self-efficacy and provides circumstance to improve quality of their life through this. Quality of life Self-efficacy Coronary artery bypasses grafting surgery 2018 4 01 66 73 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1375-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.28.1.66
57-1376 2024-03-29 10.1002
Medical Science Journal of Islamic Azad Univesity - Tehran Medical Branch MEDICAL SCIENCES 1023-5922 2008-3386 10.61186/iau 2018 28 1 Surveying drug resistance of Staphylococcus aureus strains resistant to the antibiotic vancomycin in some hospitals in Rasht Elham Amiri Elham.amiri56@ yahoo.com Masoomeh Anvari Background: Staphylococcus aureus, as a most important cause of nosocomial and community-acquired infections, shows resistance to a wide range of antibiotics. The aim of this study was the phenotypic and molecular study of clinical isolates of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from hospitals in Rasht in a six- month period (February 2015 to July 95). Materials and methods: 217 clinical samples were collected from different wards of hospitals in Rasht. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were identified by biochemical tests. To determine microbial resistance of the strains to antibiotic vancomycin, phenotypic tests of disk diffusion (according to the CLSI), and minimum Inhibitory concentration in microdilution broth method were used. Also, the presence of VanA gene, encoding resistance to the antibiotic vancomycin in separated isolate was evaluated by PCR method. Results: 67 Staphylococcus aureus were identified. In the test determining resistance to the antibiotic by disk diffusion method, the results in terms of resistance rate against antibiotics was as follow: 10.5% chloramphenicol, 25.37% gentamicin, 37.32% tetracyclin, 38.80% vancomycin, 44.7% oxacillin and 100% penicillin. In the microdilution broth, 22.4% of the samples showed resistance to vancomycin. In PCR, no band was observed for genes VanA. Conclusion: It is recommended that in molecular studies, the presence of genes VanA and VanB is assessed; since the resistance could be related to the presence of VanB gene. Staphylococcus aureus Vancomycin Antibiotic resistance VanA. 2018 4 01 74 80 http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-1376-en.pdf 10.29252/iau.28.1.74