|
1. World Health Organization. Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV): Situation Report-13. [cited 2020 February 3]. Available from: https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/coronaviruse/situation-reports/20200202-sitrep-13-ncov-v3.pdf. 2. Zhu N, Zhang D, Wang W, Li X, Yang B, Song J, et al. A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019. N Engl J Med 2020; 382: 727-33. [ DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2001017] 3. Nguyen HC, Nguyen MH, Do BN, Tran CQ, Nguyen TTP, Pham KM, et al. People with Suspected COVID-19 Symptoms Were More Likely Depressed and Had Lower Health-Related Quality of Life: The Potential Benefit of Health Literacy. J Clin Med 2020;9:965. [ DOI:10.3390/jcm9040965] 4. Chen N, Zhou M, Dong X, Qu J, Gong F, Han Y, et al. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study. Lancet 2020; 395: 507-13. [ DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30211-7] 5. Nikpouraghdam M, Jalali Farahani A, Alishiri G, Heydari S, Ebrahimnia M, Samadinia H, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in IRAN: A single center study. J Clin Virol 2020;127:104378 [ DOI:10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104378] 6. Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet 2020; 395: 497-506. [ DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5] 7. Tavakoli A, Vahdat K, Keshavarz M. Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): An Emerging Infectious Disease in the 21st Century. Iran South Med J 2020; 22: 432-450. [In Persian] [ DOI:10.29252/ismj.22.6.432] 8. Su H, Yang M, Wan C, Yi LX, Tang F, Zhu HY, et al. Renal histopathological analysis of 26 postmortem findings of patients with COVID-19 in China. Kidney Int 2020; 98: 219-227. [ DOI:10.1016/j.kint.2020.04.003] 9. Rafiq M, Viswanatha G, Mohammed Azeemuddin M, Suryakanth D, Uday Kumar V, Patki P. Cystone, a wellknown herbal formulation improves renal function in rats with acute renal failure (ARF) induced by Glycerol intoxication. Iran J Pharmacol Ther 2012; 11: 40-50. 10. Sarnak MJ, Jaber BL. Pulmonary infectious mortality among patients with end-stage renal disease. Chest 2001; 120: 1883-1887. [ DOI:10.1378/chest.120.6.1883] 11. Fadaii A, Koohi-Kamali H, Bagheri B, Hamidimanii F, Taherkhanchi B. Prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Iran J Kidney Dis 2013; 7: 60. [In Persian] 12. Cheng Y, Luo R, Wang K, Zhang M, Wang Z, Dong L, et al. Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19. Kidney Int 2020; 97: 829-38. [ DOI:10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.005] 13. Nadim MK, Forni LG, Mehta RL, Connor MJ, Liu KD, Ostermann M, et al. COVID-19-associated acute kidney injury: consensus report of the 25th Acute Disease Quality Initiative (ADQI) Workgroup. Nat Rev Nephrol 2020; 16: 747-64. [ DOI:10.1038/s41581-020-00356-5] 14. Rajgor DD, Lee MH, Archuleta S, Bagdasarian N, Quek SC. The many estimates of the COVID-19 case fatality rate. Lancet Infect Dis 2020; 20: 776-777. [ DOI:10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30244-9] 15. Sousa G, Garces T, Cestari V, Florêncio R, Moreira T, Pereira M. Mortality and survival of COVID-19. Epidemiol Infect 2020; 148: e123. [ DOI:10.1017/S0950268820001405] 16. Chen T, Wu D, Chen H, Yan W, Yang D, Chen G, et al. Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: retrospective study. BMJ 2020; 368: m1295. [ DOI:10.1136/bmj.m1295] 17. Sun Q, Qiu H, Huang M, Yang Y. Lower mortality of COVID-19 by early recognition and intervention: experience from Jiangsu Province. Ann Intensive Care 2020; 10: 1-4. [ DOI:10.1186/s13613-020-00650-2] 18. CDC COVID-19 Response Team. Severe Outcomes Among Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - United States, February 12-March 16, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2020;69:343-346. [ DOI:10.15585/mmwr.mm6912e2] 19. Special Expert Group for Control of the Epidemic of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association. An update on the epidemiological characteristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19). Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020;41:139-144. [In Chinese] 20. Liu K, Chen Y, Lin R, Han K. Clinical features of COVID-19 in elderly patients: A comparison with young and middle-aged patients. J Infect 2020; 80: e14-8. [ DOI:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.03.005] 21. Chen L, Yu J, He W, Chen L, Yuan G, Dong F, et al. Risk factors for death in 1859 subjects with COVID-19. Leukemia 2020; 34: 2173-83. [ DOI:10.1038/s41375-020-0911-0] 22. Williamson EJ, Walker AJ, Bhaskaran K, Bacon S, Bates C, Morton CE, et al. OpenSAFELY: factors associated with COVID-19 death in 17 million patients. Nature 2020; 584: 430. [ DOI:10.1038/s41586-020-2521-4] 23. Alsofayan YM, Althunayyan SM, Khan AA, Hakawi AM, Assiri AM. Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia: A national retrospective study. J Infect Public Health 2020; 13: 920-925. [ DOI:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.05.026] 24. Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Cardona-Ospina JA, Gutiérrez-Ocampo E, Villamizar-Peña R, Holguin-Rivera Y, Escalera-Antezana JP, et al. Clinical, laboratory and imaging features of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Travel Med Infect Dis 2020; 34: 101623. [ DOI:10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101623] 25. Li X, Wang L, Yan S, Yang F, Xiang L, Zhu J, et al. Clinical characteristics of 25 death cases with COVID-19: a retrospective review of medical records in a single medical center, Wuhan, China. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 94: 128-132. [ DOI:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.053] 26. Jin J-M, Bai P, He W, Wu F, Liu X-F, Han D-M, et al. Gender differences in patients with COVID-19: focus on severity and mortality. Front Public Health 2020; 8: 152. [ DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2020.00152] 27. Cangiano B, Fatti LM, Danesi L, Gazzano G, Croci M, Vitale G, et al. Mortality in an Italian nursing home during COVID-19 pandemic: correlation with gender, age, ADL, vitamin D supplementation, and limitations of the diagnostic tests. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12: 24522. [ DOI:10.18632/aging.202307] 28. Koh J, Shah SU, Chua PEY, Gui H, Pang J. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of cases during the early phase of COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7: 295. [ DOI:10.3389/fmed.2020.00295] 29. Wise J. A third of covid-19 patients admitted to UK hospitals die. BMJ 2020; 369: m1794. [ DOI:10.1136/bmj.m1794] 30. Taylor E, Hofmeyr R, Torborg A, van Tonder C, Boden R, Earle E, et al. Risk factors and interventions associated with mortality or survival in adult COVID 19 patients admitted to critical care: a systematic review and meta-analysis. South Afr J Anaesth Analg 2020; 26: 116-27. [ DOI:10.36303/SAJAA.2020.26.3.2428] 31. Alfano G, Ferrari A, Fontana F, Mori G, Ligabue G, Giovanella S, et al. Twenty-four-hour serum creatinine variation is associated with poor outcome in the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2021; 40: 231-40. [ DOI:10.23876/j.krcp.20.177] 32. Ok F, Erdogan O, Durmus E, Carkci S, Canik A. Predictive values of blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio and other routine blood parameters on disease severity and survival of COVID‐19 patients. J Med Virol 2021; 93: 786-93. [ DOI:10.1002/jmv.26300] 33. Zhang J, Wang X, Jia X, Li J, Hu K, Chen G, et al. Risk factors for disease severity, unimprovement, and mortality in COVID-19 patients in Wuhan, China. Clin Microbiol Infect 2020; 26: 767-72. [ DOI:10.1016/j.cmi.2020.04.012] 34. Post A, Dullaart RP, Bakker SJ. Is low sodium intake a risk factor for severe and fatal COVID-19 infection? Eur J Intern Med 2020; 75: 109. [ DOI:10.1016/j.ejim.2020.04.003] 35. Cheng Y, Luo R, Wang K, Zhang M, Wang Z, Dong L, et al. Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19. Kidney Int 2020; 97: 829-838. [ DOI:10.1016/j.kint.2020.03.005] 36. Zhang Z, Chen K, Ni H. Calcium supplementation improves clinical outcome in intensive care unit patients: a propensity score matched analysis of a large clinical database MIMIC-II. Springerplus 2015; 4: 594. [ DOI:10.1186/s40064-015-1387-7] 37. Nakanishi H, Suzuki M, Maeda H, Nakamura Y, Ikegami Y, Takenaka Y, et al .Differential diagnosis of COVID-19: importance of measuring blood lymphocytes, serum electrolytes, and olfactory and taste functions. Tohoku J Exp Med 2020; 252: 109-119. [ DOI:10.1620/tjem.252.109] 38. Xiong S, Liu L, Lin F, Shi J, Han L, Liu H, et al. Clinical characteristics of 116 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20: 787. [ DOI:10.1186/s12879-020-05452-2] 39. Wu C, Wang G, Zhang Q, Yu B, Lv J, Zhang S, et al. Association between respiratory alkalosis and the prognosis of COVID-19 patients. Front Med 2021; 8. [ DOI:10.3389/fmed.2021.564635] 40. Seers T, Davenport R. Phosphate metabolism and respiratory alkalosis: a forgotten lesson in COVID-19. Age Ageing 2020; 49: 927. [ DOI:10.1093/ageing/afaa176] 41. Balcı AK, Koksal O, Kose A, Armagan E, Ozdemir F, Inal T, et al. General characteristics of patients with electrolyte imbalance admitted to emergency department. World J Emerg Med 2013; 4: 113-116. [ DOI:10.5847/wjem.j.issn.1920-8642.2013.02.005] 42. Tezcan ME, Dogan Gokce G, Sen N, Zorlutuna Kaymak N, Ozer RS. Baseline electrolyte abnormalities would be related to poor prognosis in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 patients. New Microbes New Infect 2020; 37: 100753. [ DOI:10.1016/j.nmni.2020.100753] |
