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Comparative study of the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Citrullus colocynthis and pioglitazone on Insulin, Serum Glucose, HbA1c, Resistin, TNF-α, and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) in type 2 diabetic male rats
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Marzieh Havasi1    , Salar Bakhtiary2 , Karimhe Haghani3 , Ali Seidkhani Nahal3 |
1- MSc, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran
2- Professor, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran , ahad2001malekshahian@gmail.com
3- Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran |
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Abstract: (10 Views) |
Background: Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common metabolic disorders worldwide, and the number of patients is rapidly increasing. Although conventional drugs and insulin injections help to control it, they often are associated with side effects. Therefore, research on herbal treatments such as Citrullus colocynthis has gained importance as an effective and safer alternative.
Materials and methods: In this study, 60 male rats were studied in 6 groups of ten, then the rats were made diabetic using streptozotocin (except the control group). After confirming diabetes and measuring blood sugar, the animals were treated with doses of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, hydroalcoholic extract and 10 mg/kg pioglitazone for three consecutive weeks; then insulin, serum glucose, HbA1c, resistin, TNF-α and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured. Finally, the collected data were analyzed using SPSS software.
Results: After induction of diabetes with streptozotocin, the mean blood glucose level in diabetic groups significantly increased compared with the control group (p<0.001). Treatment with the hydroalcoholic extract of Citrullus colocynthis and pioglitazone significantly reduced blood glucose and HbA1c levels compared with the diabetic control group. In addition, resistin and TNF‑α levels were significantly elevated in the diabetic control group, while treatment with the extract and pioglitazone significantly decreased these markers. Furthermore, insulin levels and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were reduced in the diabetic control group, whereas treatment with the extract and pioglitazone significantly increased these parameters.
Conclusion: Overall, it seems that the extract of Citrullus colocynthis is an effective treatment for controlling diabetes and preventing its complications, including cardiovascular disorders, by increasing insulin, reducing blood sugar, reducing glycosylated hemoglobin, reducing the adipokine that predisposes an individual to type 2 diabetes, namely Resistin, reducing inflammatory factors (TNF-α) and increasing total antioxidant capacity.
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| Keywords: Citrullus colocynthis, Pioglitazone, Type 2 diabetes, Blood glucose, Resistin, Insulin, Tumor necrosis factor, HbA1c, TAC |
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Full-Text [PDF 955 kb]
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Semi-pilot: Quazi-Experimental |
Subject:
Gastrology
Received: 2025/10/26 | Accepted: 2026/02/25 | Published: 2026/07/1
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Havasi M, Bakhtiary S, Haghani K, Seidkhani Nahal A. Comparative study of the effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Citrullus colocynthis and pioglitazone on Insulin, Serum Glucose, HbA1c, Resistin, TNF-α, and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) in type 2 diabetic male rats. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2026; 36 (2) :166-176 URL: http://tmuj.iautmu.ac.ir/article-1-2467-en.html
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